本文侧重于培训无限层的隐含模型。具体而言，以前的作品采用隐式差分，并解决后向传播的精确梯度。但是，是否有必要计算训练的这种精确但昂贵的渐变？在这项工作中，我们提出了一种新颖的梯度估计，用于隐式模型，命名为Phantom梯度，1）用于精确梯度的昂贵计算; 2）提供了对隐式模型培训的凭经质优选的更新方向。理论上，理论上可以分析可以找到损失景观的上升方向的条件，并基于阻尼展开和Neumann系列提供幻象梯度的两个特定实例化。大规模任务的实验表明，这些轻质幻像梯度大大加快了培训隐式模型中的后向往大约1.7倍，甚至基于想象成上的精确渐变来提高对方法的性能。

Representing features at multiple scales is of great importance for numerous vision tasks. Recent advances in backbone convolutional neural networks (CNNs) continually demonstrate stronger multi-scale representation ability, leading to consistent performance gains on a wide range of applications. However, most existing methods represent the multi-scale features in a layerwise manner. In this paper, we propose a novel building block for CNNs, namely Res2Net, by constructing hierarchical residual-like connections within one single residual block. The Res2Net represents multi-scale features at a granular level and increases the range of receptive fields for each network layer. The proposed Res2Net block can be plugged into the state-of-the-art backbone CNN models, e.g., ResNet, ResNeXt, and DLA. We evaluate the Res2Net block on all these models and demonstrate consistent performance gains over baseline models on widely-used datasets, e.g., CIFAR-100 and ImageNet. Further ablation studies and experimental results on representative computer vision tasks, i.e., object detection, class activation mapping, and salient object detection, further verify the superiority of the Res2Net over the state-of-the-art baseline methods. The source code and trained models are available on https://mmcheng.net/res2net/.

金融领域的数值推理 - 进行定量分析并总结了财务报告中的信息 - 可以大大提高业务效率并降低数十亿美元的成本。在这里，我们提出了一个数值推理问答系统，以回答财务文本和表数据源之间的数值推理问题，该问题由回收器模块，发电机模块和集合模块组成。具体而言，除了检索整个行数据外，我们还创新设计了一个细胞回收器，该池检索器可以检索金单元，以避免将同一行中的无关和相似的单元带到发电机模块的输入中。在发电机模块中，我们利用多个发电机来生产程序，这是回答问题的操作步骤。最后，在整体模块中，我们集成了多个程序，以选择最佳程序作为系统的输出。在FinQA竞争中的最终私人测试集中，我们的系统获得了69.79的执行精度。

最近的研究表明，变压器中的注意力头不相等。我们将这种现象与多头注意力的不平衡训练以及对特定头部的模型依赖性联系在一起。为了解决这个问题，我们提出了一种简单的掩蔽方法：戴上两个特定方式。实验表明，在多种语言对上进行了翻译改进。随后的经验分析也支持我们的假设并确认该方法的有效性。

图形神经网络（GNNS）在学习归属图中显示了很大的力量。但是，GNNS从源节点利用遥控器的信息仍然是一个挑战。此外，常规GNN要求将图形属性作为输入，因此它们无法应用于纯图。在论文中，我们提出了名为G-GNNS（GNN的全局信息）的新模型来解决上述限制。首先，通过无监督的预训练获得每个节点的全局结构和属性特征，其保留与节点相关联的全局信息。然后，使用全局功能和原始网络属性，我们提出了一个并行GNN的并行框架来了解这些功能的不同方面。所提出的学习方法可以应用于普通图和归属图。广泛的实验表明，G-GNNS可以在三个标准评估图上优于其他最先进的模型。特别是，我们的方法在学习归属图表时建立了Cora（84.31 \％）和PubMed（80.95 \％）的新基准记录。

Masked image modeling (MIM) performs strongly in pre-training large vision Transformers (ViTs). However, small models that are critical for real-world applications cannot or only marginally benefit from this pre-training approach. In this paper, we explore distillation techniques to transfer the success of large MIM-based pre-trained models to smaller ones. We systematically study different options in the distillation framework, including distilling targets, losses, input, network regularization, sequential distillation, etc, revealing that: 1) Distilling token relations is more effective than CLS token- and feature-based distillation; 2) An intermediate layer of the teacher network as target perform better than that using the last layer when the depth of the student mismatches that of the teacher; 3) Weak regularization is preferred; etc. With these findings, we achieve significant fine-tuning accuracy improvements over the scratch MIM pre-training on ImageNet-1K classification, using all the ViT-Tiny, ViT-Small, and ViT-base models, with +4.2%/+2.4%/+1.4% gains, respectively. Our TinyMIM model of base size achieves 52.2 mIoU in AE20K semantic segmentation, which is +4.1 higher than the MAE baseline. Our TinyMIM model of tiny size achieves 79.6% top-1 accuracy on ImageNet-1K image classification, which sets a new record for small vision models of the same size and computation budget. This strong performance suggests an alternative way for developing small vision Transformer models, that is, by exploring better training methods rather than introducing inductive biases into architectures as in most previous works. Code is available at https://github.com/OliverRensu/TinyMIM.

In this paper, we propose a robust 3D detector, named Cross Modal Transformer (CMT), for end-to-end 3D multi-modal detection. Without explicit view transformation, CMT takes the image and point clouds tokens as inputs and directly outputs accurate 3D bounding boxes. The spatial alignment of multi-modal tokens is performed implicitly, by encoding the 3D points into multi-modal features. The core design of CMT is quite simple while its performance is impressive. CMT obtains 73.0% NDS on nuScenes benchmark. Moreover, CMT has a strong robustness even if the LiDAR is missing. Code will be released at https://github.com/junjie18/CMT.

Dataset distillation has emerged as a prominent technique to improve data efficiency when training machine learning models. It encapsulates the knowledge from a large dataset into a smaller synthetic dataset. A model trained on this smaller distilled dataset can attain comparable performance to a model trained on the original training dataset. However, the existing dataset distillation techniques mainly aim at achieving the best trade-off between resource usage efficiency and model utility. The security risks stemming from them have not been explored. This study performs the first backdoor attack against the models trained on the data distilled by dataset distillation models in the image domain. Concretely, we inject triggers into the synthetic data during the distillation procedure rather than during the model training stage, where all previous attacks are performed. We propose two types of backdoor attacks, namely NAIVEATTACK and DOORPING. NAIVEATTACK simply adds triggers to the raw data at the initial distillation phase, while DOORPING iteratively updates the triggers during the entire distillation procedure. We conduct extensive evaluations on multiple datasets, architectures, and dataset distillation techniques. Empirical evaluation shows that NAIVEATTACK achieves decent attack success rate (ASR) scores in some cases, while DOORPING reaches higher ASR scores (close to 1.0) in all cases. Furthermore, we conduct a comprehensive ablation study to analyze the factors that may affect the attack performance. Finally, we evaluate multiple defense mechanisms against our backdoor attacks and show that our attacks can practically circumvent these defense mechanisms.

Blind image quality assessment (BIQA) remains challenging due to the diversity of distortion and image content variation, which complicate the distortion patterns crossing different scales and aggravate the difficulty of the regression problem for BIQA. However, existing BIQA methods often fail to consider multi-scale distortion patterns and image content, and little research has been done on learning strategies to make the regression model produce better performance. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective Progressive Multi-Task Image Quality Assessment (PMT-IQA) model, which contains a multi-scale feature extraction module (MS) and a progressive multi-task learning module (PMT), to help the model learn complex distortion patterns and better optimize the regression issue to align with the law of human learning process from easy to hard. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed PMT-IQA model, we conduct experiments on four widely used public datasets, and the experimental results indicate that the performance of PMT-IQA is superior to the comparison approaches, and both MS and PMT modules improve the model's performance.

Automatic music generation with artificial intelligence typically requires a large amount of data which is hard to obtain for many less common genres and musical instruments. To tackle this issue, we present ongoing work and preliminary findings on the possibility for deep models to transfer knowledge from language to music, by finetuning large language models pre-trained on a massive text corpus on only hundreds of MIDI files of drum performances. We show that by doing so, one of the largest, state-of-the-art models (GPT3) is capable of generating reasonable drum grooves, while models that are not pre-trained (Transformer) shows no such ability beyond naive repetition. Evaluating generated music is a challenging task, more so is evaluating drum grooves with little precedence in literature. Hence, we propose a tailored structural evaluation method and analyze drum grooves produced by GPT3 compared to those played by human professionals, exposing the strengths and weaknesses of such generation by language-to-music transfer. Our findings suggest that language-to-music transfer learning with large language models is viable and promising.